Modelo de direccionamiento estratégico en salud para la Zona Franca del Valle de Aburrá

Existe un problema aparente, expresado en que hoy muchas de las Empresas Prestadoras de Salud se enfrentan más que nunca al reto de asimilar fuertes y continuos cambios, no sólo del entorno, sino también sociales, medios tecnológicos, nuevas regularizaciones y legislaciones, recursos de capital, sumado a esto adolecen de un Direccionamiento Estratégico adecuado que les permita vislumbrar a las Zonas Francas como un mecanismo para estimular la inversión, ampliar la cobertura y lograr la internacionalización de los servicios en salud. Para tratar de subsanar esta problemática se requiere pues, tomar decisiones dentro del ámbito empresarial para poder adaptarse a este cambiante y complejo mundo. Este proceso recibe la denominación de dirección estratégica. Aplicando el Modelo de direccionamiento estratégico propuesto en este trabajo aspiramos generar mayor competitividad ofreciendo un excelente servicio con calidad, y optimización de los beneficios que ofrece la normatividad tributaria existente en cuanto a las zonas francas. Todos estos beneficios que obtienen las entidades de salud ubicadas en las zonas francas es posible trasladarlos en parte al usuario final, logrando asi masificar el servicio con las exportaciones de estos y pudiendo obtener ganancias adicionales si se logra empaquetar las servicios de salud con el turismo, no solo para los pacientes sino también para sus acompañantes.There is an apparent problem, expressed in today many companies providing health more than ever facing the challenge of assimilating strong and continuous changes not only the environment but also social, technological resources, new adjustments and legislation, capital resources, in addition to that suffer from a Strategic Management to enable them to envision the Free Zones as a mechanism to encourage investment, expand coverage and achieve the internationalization of health services for their companions. To try to remedy this problem requires it, make decisions within the business to adapt to this hanging and complex world. This process is referred to as strategic direction. Applying the strategic management model proposed in this paper we aim to generate more competitive by providing excellent service quality and optimizing the benefits of existing tax regulations in the zones. All these benefits derived by health agencies located in the zones is possible to move in part to the end user, thus ensuring the service massively export of these and additional profits can be achieved if the health are package with tourism not only for patients but also for their companions

The Research Journey as a Challenge Towards New Trends

The academic community of the department of Risaralda, in its permanent interest in evidencing the results of the research processes that are carried out from the Higher Education Institutions and as a product of the VI meeting of researchers of the department of Risaralda held in November 2021 presents its work: “The journey of research as a challenge towards new trends”, which reflects the result of the latest research and advances in different lines of knowledge in Agricultural Sciences, Health Sciences, Social Sciences and Technology and Information Sciences, which seek to solve and meet the demands of the different sectors. This work would not have been possible without the help of each of the teachers, researchers and authors who presented their articles that make up each of the chapters of the book, to them our gratitude for their commitment, dedication and commitment, since their sole purpose is to contribute from the academy and science to scientific and technological development in the search for the solution of problems and thus contribute to transform the reality of our society and communities. We also wish to extend our gratitude to the institutions of the Network that made this publication possible: UTP, UCP, UNAD, UNIREMINGTON; UNISARC, CIAF, Universidad Libre, Uniclaretiana, Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar and UNIMINUTO, institutions that in one way or another allowed this work to become a reality, which we hope will be of interest to you.Preface............................................................................................................................7 Chapter 1. Technologies and Engineering Towards a humanization in Engineering using soft skills in training in Engineers.............................................................................................................11 Omar Iván Trejos Buriticá1, Luis Eduardo Muñoz Guerrero Innovative materials in construction: review from a bibliometric analysis....................................................................................................................27 Cristian Osorio Gómez, Daniel Aristizábal Torres, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Cristhian Camilo Amariles López Bibliometric review of disaster risk management: progress, trends, and challenges.........................................................................................................51 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Gloria Milena Molina Vinasco. Incidence of land coverage and geology, in the unstability of lands of the micro-basin of the Combia creek, Pereira, Risaralda....................................73 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizábal Torres. Chapter 2. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Training experience with teachers teaching mathematics using the inquiry methodology ...............................................................................................95 Vivian Libeth Uzuriaga López, Héctor Gerardo Sánchez Bedoya. Interpretation of the multiple representations of the fears associated to the boarding of limited visual patients in the elective I students’ written productions and low vision ...................................................................................113 Eliana Bermúdez Cardona, Ana María Agudelo Guevara, Caterine Villamarín Acosta. The relevance of local knowledge in social sciences............................................131 Alberto Antonio Berón Ospina, Isabel Cristina Castillo Quintero. Basic education students’ conceptions of conflict a view from the peace for the education....................................................................................................143 Astrid Milena Calderón Cárdenas,Carolina Aguirre Arias, Carolina Franco Ossa, Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Giraldo, Orfa Buitrago. Comprehensive risk prevention in educational settings: an interdisciplinary and socio-educational approach ............................................................................163 Olga María Henao Trujillo, Claudia María López Ortiz. Chapter 3. Natural and Agricultural Sciences Physicochemical characterization of three substrates used in the deep bedding system in swine .......................................................................................175 Juan Manuel Sánchez Rubio, Andrés Felipe Arias Roldan, Jesús Arturo Rincón Sanz, Jaime Andrés Betancourt Vásquez. Periodic solutions in AFM models........................................................................187 Daniel Cortés Zapata, Alexander Gutiérrez Gutiérrez. Phenology in flower and fruit of Rubus glaucus benth. Cv. Thornless in Risaralda: elements for phytosanitary management .........................................199 Shirley Palacios Castro, Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, James Montoya Lerma, Ricardo Flórez, Harry Josué Pérez. Socio-economic and technical characterization of the cultivation of avocado (Persea americana) in Risaralda..............................................................217 Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, Kelly Saudith Castañez Poveda, Eliana Gómez Correa. Biosecurity management in backyard systems in Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda................................................................................................................227 Julia Victoria Arredondo Botero, Jaiver Estiben Ocampo Jaramillo, Juan Sebastián Mera Vallejo, Álvaro de Jesús Aranzazu Hernández. CONTENTS Physical-chemical diagnosis of soils in hillside areas with predominance of Lulo CV. La Selva production system in the department of Risaralda.............241 Adriana Patricia Restrepo Gallón, María Paula Landinez Montes, Jimena Tobón López. Digestibility of three concentrates used in canine feeding....................................271 María Fernanda Mejía Silva, Valentina Noreña Sánchez, Gastón Adolfo Castaño Jiménez. Chapter 4. Economic, Administrative, and Accounting Sciences Financial inclusion in households from socioeconomic strata 1 and 2 in the city of Pereira ..................................................................................................285 Lindy Neth Perea Mosquera, Marlen Isabel Redondo Ramírez, Angélica Viviana Morales. Internal marketing strategies as a competitive advantage for the company Mobilautos SAS de Dosquebradas........................................................................303 Inés Montoya Sánchez, Sandra Patricia Viana Bolaños, Ana María Barrera Rodríguez. Uses of tourist marketing in the tourist sector of the municipality of Belén de Umbría, Risaralda.............................................................................................319 Ana María Barrera Rodríguez, Paola Andrea Echeverri Gutiérrez, María Camila Parra Buitrago, Paola Andrea Martín Muñoz, Angy Paola Ángel Vélez, Luisa Natalia Trejos Ospina. Territorial prospective of Risaralda department (Colombia), based on the SDGS...............................................................................................................333 Juan Guillermo Gil García, Samanta Londoño Velásquez. Chapter 5. Health and Sports Sciences Performance evaluation in times of pandemic. What do medical students think?.......................................................................................................353 Samuel Eduardo Trujillo Henao, Rodolfo A. Cabrales Vega, Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez. The relevance of the therapist’s self and self-reference in the training of psychologists.....................................................................................................371 Maria Paula Marmolejo Lozano, Mireya Ospina Botero. Habits related to oral health which influence lifestyle of elder people in a wellness center for the elderly in Pereira 2020. .............................................387 Isadora Blanco Pérez, Olga Patricia Ramírez Rodríguez, Ángela María Rincón Hurtado. Analysis of the suicide trend in the Coffee Region in Colombia during the years 2012-2018 ..............................................................................................405 Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez, Jennifer Nessim Salazar, Jairo Franco Londoño, Juan Carlos Medina Osorio. Hind limb long bone fractures in canines and felines...........................................419 María Camila Cruz Vélez, Valentina Herrera Morales, Alba Nydia Restrepo Jiménez, Lina Marcela Palomino, Gabriel Rodolfo Izquierdo Bravo. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in the rural and urban area of Risaralda....................................................................................................439 Angela María Álvarez López, Angela Liceth Pérez Rendón, Alejandro Gómez Rodas, Luis Enrique Isaza Velásquez. Chapter 6. Architecture, Design and Advertising The artisan crafts of Risaralda, characteristics, importance, and risks within the Colombian Coffee Cultural Landscape, CCCL....................................457 Yaffa Nahir Ivette Gómez Barrera, Javier Alfonso López Morales

The Hydroalcoholic Extract of Uncaria tomentosa (Cat’s Claw) Inhibits the Infection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) In Vitro

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious problem for public health since it was identified in the province of Wuhan (China) and spread around the world producing high mortality rates and economic losses. Nowadays, WHO recognizes traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine for treating COVID-19 symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the antiviral potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Uncaria tomentosa stem bark from Peru against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. The antiviral activity of U. tomentosa against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro was assessed in Vero E6 cells using cytopathic effect (CPE) and plaque reduction assay. After 48h of treatment, U. tomentosa showed an inhibition of 92.7 % of SARS-CoV-2 at 25.0 µg/mL (p<0.0001) by plaque reduction assay on Vero E6 cells. In addition, U. tomentosa, induced a reduction of 98.6 % (p=0.02) and 92.7 % (p=0.03) in the CPE caused by SARS-CoV-2 on Vero E6 cells at 25 µg/mL and 12.5 µg/mL, respectively. The EC50 calculated for U. tomentosa extract by plaque reduction assay was 6.6 µg/mL (4.89 – 8.85 µg/mL) for a selectivity index of 4.1. The EC50 calculated for U. tomentosa extract by TCID50 assay was 2.57 µg/mL (1.05 – 3.75 µg/mL) for a selectivity index of 10.54. These results showed that U. tomentosa known as Cat´s claw has antiviral effect against SARS-CoV-2 observed as a reduction in the viral titer and CPE after 48h of treatment on Vero E6 cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that U. tomentosa stem bark, could be promissory to the development of new therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2.The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious problem for public health since it was identified in the province of Wuhan (China) and spread around the world producing high mortality rates and economic losses. Nowadays, WHO recognizes traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine for treating COVID-19 symptoms. Therefore, we investigated the antiviral potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Uncaria tomentosa stem bark from Peru against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. The antiviral activity of U. tomentosa against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro was assessed in Vero E6 cells using cytopathic effect (CPE) and plaque reduction assay. After 48h of treatment, U. tomentosa showed an inhibition of 92.7 % of SARS-CoV-2 at 25.0 µg/mL (p<0.0001) by plaque reduction assay on Vero E6 cells. In addition, U. tomentosa, induced a reduction of 98.6 % (p=0.02) and 92.7 % (p=0.03) in the CPE caused by SARS-CoV-2 on Vero E6 cells at 25 µg/mL and 12.5 µg/mL, respectively. The EC50 calculated for U. tomentosa extract by plaque reduction assay was 6.6 µg/mL (4.89 – 8.85 µg/mL) for a selectivity index of 4.1. The EC50 calculated for U. tomentosa extract by TCID50 assay was 2.57 µg/mL (1.05 – 3.75 µg/mL) for a selectivity index of 10.54. These results showed that U. tomentosa known as Cat´s claw has antiviral effect against SARS-CoV-2 observed as a reduction in the viral titer and CPE after 48h of treatment on Vero E6 cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that U. tomentosa stem bark, could be promissory to the development of new therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2.https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/EnProdArticulo/query.do?cod_producto=73&cod_rh=0000157775https://scholar.google.com.co/citations?hl=en&user=VLZxl1UAAAAJCOL0112548https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7351-873

Proceso para el desarrollo de una vacuna contra la fase hepática de Plasmodium vivax

Introducción: Anualmente se producen en el mundo entre 80 y 100 millones de casos de malaria ocasionada por Plasmodium vivax, segunda especie de Plasmodium en importancia a nivel mundial y primera en el continente americano. Ante la falla de los métodos clásicos de control de la malaria, derivada de la creciente resistencia de los mosquitos a los insecticidas y de los parásitos a los medicamentos disponibles, se ha trabajado intensamente en la búsqueda de vacunas que puedan prevenir completamente la infección o limitar los efectos patológicos de la enfermedad. Objetivos: Este trabajo describe el proceso de desarrollo de una vacuna experimental dirigida contra las formas pre-eritrocíticas del parásito, para lo cual se ha seleccionado la proteína circumesporozoito (CS) que se expresa de forma abundante en la superficie del parásito y que se halla comprometida en el proceso de invasión hepática. Metodología: El proceso consistió en una exhaustiva caracterización inmunológica de la proteína, mediante péptidos sintéticos de diferente longitud, seguida de pruebas de toxicidad e inmunogenicidad en animales con los tres péptidos largos que cubren las regiones N, R y C de la CS. Como etapa inicial de la prueba en humanos, se hizo un ensayo clínico fase I que probó la seguridad e inmunogenicidad, de cada uno de los péptidos formulados en el adyuvante Montanide ISA-720. El ensayo fue al azar, doble ciego y comprometió a 23 voluntarios sanos, hombres y mujeres entre 18 y 33 años de edad, sin historia de malaria. Conclusiones: La vacuna fue muy bien tolerada y demostró buena seguridad e inmunogenicidad en los ensayos preclínicos así como en todos los voluntarios, facilitando el avance a ulteriores fases de investigación clínica. Introduction: Plasmodium vivax causes approximately 80-100 million clinical cases every year. It is the most prevalent human malaria parasite in the American continent and its prevalence is second only to P. falciparum worldwide. Due to the emergence of medication-resistant parasites and an increase in insecticide-resistant mosquitoes, research to find a vaccine that could prevent or limit the clinical manifestations of the disease has increased greatly. During the last two decades, significant progress has been achieved in this attempt; however, the development of a P. vivax vaccine has been hampered due to the lack of sustainable in vitro parasite cultures. Objectives: We describe the development and testing of a vaccine to P. vivax pre-erythrocytic stages. We selected the circumsporozoite (CS) protein, an antigen abundantly expressed on the parasite surface. Methodology: After extensive immunological characterization in vitro, three long peptides (N, R and C) were synthesized, and the toxicity and immunogenicity of these peptides were thoroughly assessed in animals. To determine the safety and immunogenicity in humans, a randomized, double blind clinical trial was conducted. The trial included 23 healthy volunteers who received 100 μg of N, R and C of each peptide formulated in Montanide ISA-720 adjuvant. Conclusions: The vaccination was well tolerated and proven to be safe in both animals and volunteers; thus, additional clinical trials utilizing this vaccine candidate are indicated

Proceso para el desarrollo de una vacuna contra la fase hepática de Plasmodium vivax

Introduction: Plasmodium vivax   causes approximately 80-100 million clinical cases every year. It is the most prevalent human malaria parasite in the American continent and its prevalence is second only to P. falciparum worldwide. Due to the emergence of medication-resistant parasites and an increase in insecticide-resistant mosquitoes, research to find a vaccine that could prevent or limit the clinical manifestations of the disease has increased greatly. During the last two decades, significant progress has been achieved in this attempt; however, the development of a P. vivax vaccine has been hampered due to the lack of sustainable in vitro parasite cultures. Objectives: We describe the development and testing of a vaccine to P. vivax pre-erythrocytic stages. We selected the circumsporozoite (CS) protein, an antigen abundantly expressed on the parasite surface. Methodology: After extensive immunological characterization in vitro, three long peptides (N, R and C) were synthesized, and the toxicity and immunogenicity of these peptides were thoroughly assessed in animals. To determine the safety and immunogenicity in humans, a randomized, double blind clinical trial was conducted. The trial included 23 healthy volunteers who received 100 μg of N, R and C of each peptide formulated in Montanide ISA-720 adjuvant. Conclusions: The vaccination was well tolerated and proven to be safe in both animals and volunteers; thus, additional clinical trials utilizing this vaccine candidate are indicated

Gestión integrada de la cuenca alta del río Magdalena: instrumentos para su evaluación y planificación

Watersheds are fundamental units of analysis for the development of planning and management processes. Understanding their dynamics, structure, and functioning is the basis for territory planning and decision-making. However, their functionality and sustainable use depend on the information and knowledge of these ecosystems, as well as their regimes and responsiveness against anthropogenic interventions, variability, and climate change. This book provides tools and methodologies for the planning and evaluation of water resources, as well as for the formulation and implementation of mechanisms for adaptation to climate change and integrated watershed management. The publication “Integral management of the upper basin of the Magdalena River: tools for its evaluation and planning” is the result of research carried out by students, professors, and graduates from the School of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Sciences (ECAPMA, for its Spanish acronym) of UNAD (Spanish acronym for Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia), and the research group Inyumacizo, classified in an A Category group according to the Colombian Ministry of Sciences—MinCiencias.Las cuencas hidrográficas se constituyen en unidades fundamentales de análisis para el desarrollo de procesos de planificación y gestión. La comprensión de su dinámica, estructura y funcionamiento constituyen el soporte para la planificación del territorio y la toma de decisiones. Sin embargo, la funcionalidad y aprovechamiento sostenible son dependientes de la información y el conocimiento de estos ecosistemas, así como de sus regímenes y capacidades de respuesta frente a las intervenciones antrópicas, variabilidad y cambio climático. Este libro brinda instrumentos y metodologías para la planificación y evaluación del recurso hídrico, así como en la formulación e implementación de mecanismos de adaptación al cambio climático y la gestión integrada de cuencas hidrográficas. La publicación denominada: “Gestión integrada de la cuenca alta del río Magdalena: instrumentos para su evaluación y planificación” es producto de investigaciones realizadas por estudiantes, docentes y egresados de la Escuela de Ciencias Agrícolas, Pecuarias y del Medio Ambiente (ECAPMA) de la UNAD y el grupo de investigación Inyumacizo, categorizado en A por MinCiencias.As bacias hidrográficas são unidades fundamentais de análise para o desenvolvimento de processos de planejamento e gestão. A compreensão de sua dinâmica, estrutura e funcionamento é a base para o planejamento territorial e a tomada de decisões. Entretanto, a funcionalidade e o uso sustentável dependem da informação e do conhecimento desses ecossistemas, bem como de seus regimes e capacidades para responder a intervenções antrópicas, variabilidade e mudanças climáticas. Este livro fornece instrumentos e metodologias para o planejamento e avaliação do recurso hídrico, bem como na formulação e implementação de mecanismos de adaptação à mudança climática e gestão integrada de bacias hidrográficas. A publicação intitulada: “Gestão integrada da bacia alta do rio Magdalena: instrumentos de avaliação e planejamento” é o produto de pesquisas realizadas por estudantes, professores e graduados da Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Pecuárias e Ambientais (ECAPMA) da UNAD e do grupo de pesquisa Inyumacizo, categorizado em A pela Min-Ciencias

Libro de Proyectos Finales 2021 primer semestre

PregradoIngeniero CivilIngeniero de SistemasIngeniero ElectricistaIngeniero ElectrónicoIngeniero IndustrialIngeniero Mecánic

Memorias del primer Simposio Nacional de Ciencias Agronómicas

Primer simposio nacional de Ciencias Agronómicas: El renacer del espacio de discusión científica para el Agro colombiano